Computer technology has impacted the practice of medicine in dramatic
ways. Imaging techniques provide noninvasive tools which alter the diag-
nostic process. Sophisticated monitoring equipment presents new levels
of detail for both patient management and research. In most of these
high technology applications, the computer is embedded in the device;
its presence is transparent to the user. There is also a growing number
of applications in which the health care provider directly interacts
with a computer. In many cases, these applica- tions are limited to
administrative functions, e.g., office practice manage- ment, location
of hospital patients, appointments, and scheduling. Nev- ertheless,
there also are instances of patient care functions such as results
reporting, decision support, surveillance, and reminders. This series,
Computers and Medicine, focuses upon the direct use of information
systems as it relates to the medical community. After twenty- five years
of experimentation and experience, there are many tested ap- plications
which can be implemented economically using the current gen- eration of
computers. Moreover, the falling cost of computers suggests that there
will be even more extensive use in the near future. Yet there is a gap
between current practice and the state-of-the-art.